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Profitable Mushroom Business Aims to Save Miombo Woodlands

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Mushrooms sitting on dollar bills

Miombo Woodlands

Conservationists in Mozambique’s Gilé National Park are taking a unique approach to preserving the indigenous miombo woodlands by transforming the usual harvesting of wild mushrooms into a commercial venture.

Miombo forests cover large swaths of Southern and Central Africa. They provide habitat to hundreds of animals and thousands of plant species. The miombo trees have also supported the livelihoods of locals for thousands of years but are facing increased deforestation as a result.

Locals have been clearing miombo forests to get more arable land since they mainly depend on small-scale farming. Trees are cut for charcoal and building materials, and their roots are used for medicinal purposes. Despite the impact of farming, these mushroom projects may be a saving grace for the Miombo forest, because the business profits create the incentive to keep the trees around in Mozambique.

The Supa Mama Mushroom Project

This project — funded by the French Development Agency — works with over 900 women from 30 groups drawn from communities living in Gilé National Park.

The national park covers about 286,100 hectares (707,000 acres), much of which is covered with miombo woodlands. Locals are restricted from harvesting mushrooms and honey inside Gilé. However, they have a buffer zone around the park covering about 55,600 hectares (137,400 acres) where locals live, farm, and harvest mushrooms and honey. 

Usually, women pick these mushrooms while out doing other activities, such as collecting firewood. But for the past three years, under the guidance of conservationists, they’ve had the commercialization of native Mozambican mushrooms for the first time.

“It’s never been this way”, Project conservation manager Jean-Baptiste told Mongabay. “You can buy mushrooms in a can from Paris or China, but before now you could not buy local ones [in shops].” Jean-Baptiste Roelens acts as the country’s representative for the conservation NGO Nitidae, an organization that offers sustainable solutions to issues developing countries have.

Once harvested, the mushrooms are cleaned, dried, and transported to Mozambique’s capital city, Maputo, where they are packaged and sold with the brand name Supa Mama. 

The Relationship Between Miombo Trees and Mushrooms

Miombo is a colloquial Swahili word used to describe Zambezi Basin woodlands. These woodlands are host to some incredible-looking trees from the Brachystegia, Julbernardia, and Isoberlinia genus. These miombo trees, especially the Brachystegia genus, have an interesting relationship with mushrooms. 

The roots of the miombo trees host mycorrhizal fungi. In nutrient-scarce savannahs, these fungi help the trees acquire nutrients and water beyond the reach of their roots. In turn, the trees provide the fungi (mushrooms) with the much-needed carbohydrates. Providing the locals with a commercial incentive from the mushrooms is one way of conserving the miombo forests.

“Slowly, the community, especially the women, are learning that keeping the trees standing means having a bigger production of mushrooms,” Alessandro Fusari told Mongabay. “Since they’re starting to see commercial results, more and more avoid cutting trees.” Alessandro Fusari is the program manager of the FFS-IGF, a consultancy foundation that promotes the conservation, rehabilitation, and management of natural resources, and which co-manages Gilé National Park with the Mozambican government.

Conservation of Miombo Woodlands Sees an Upsurge in Gilé National Park

The resurgence of Gilé National Park shows that conservation efforts are not futile attempts. The park was established in 1932, but the wildlife was completely wiped out during Mozambique’s civil war between 1977 and 1992. 

Today, most of the wild animals have been reintroduced in the park. They include waterbucks, buffalo, zebras, wildebeests, sable, kudu, and around 50 elephants. The park is thriving again from tourism and research. 

But the miombo trees are not out of the woods yet. They are still at risk from small-scale farmers clearing plots to plant staple crops like maize and cassava or for charcoal fuel.

While ventures like the Supa Mama Project mushroom are a positive step in Gilé’s conservation efforts, according to Jean-Baptiste Roelens, one project alone cannot solve the issue. Not only are mushrooms seasonal, but many locals also sustain themselves through subsistence farming.

But while there is a focus on Miombo trees and the woodlands, many are confident that with more refined ideas and projects, these forests could have a bright future ahead of them.

Other Sustainable Projects in Gilé’s Buffer Zone

Besides the mushrooms project, locals harvest honey in the buffer zone, which can further push the incentives of conserving Miombo forests.

In addition to sustainable projects, The François Sommer Foundation–International Foundation for Wildlife Management (FFS-IGF) hopes to lift the restriction for non-timber harvesting ventures in specific areas within the national park.

The hope is that many different profitable and sustainable methods will come together to create incentives to protect the Miombo Woodlands, providing work and purpose for the locals in the area.

Wood landscape dollar sign

IC INSPIRATION

Most parts of rural East and South Africa depend on subsistence or small-scale farming. With their ever-shrinking land as their only livelihood means, the idea here is to create alternative methods of livelihood that strengthen Gile National Park.

However, rural residents still have to battle the costs of farming, transportation, food, and other difficulties to survive, and that’s why some locals encroach on wildlife reserves as they try to get by in life.

Luckily, most African governments, environmentalists, and global foundations are working to find a variety of sustainable solutions. It’s really about finding the sweet balance where the conservation of forests and wildlife adds to people’s livelihoods.

For instance, in August 2022, nine countries from the Zambezi Basin met in Maputo, Mozambique, to find ways to conserve miombo forests. These nations include the Democratic Republic of Congo, Malawi, Congo, Zambia, Tanzania, Angola, South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique. 

Now, in Mozambique, we see the fruits of these conservation efforts through projects like the mushroom project. Of course, the solution should be multifaceted, and some locals are still disillusioned by the government’s restriction on national parks.

This story is a step in the right direction and may restore Gilé to its former glory. We’ve seen flourishing forest and wildlife restoration projects in several parts of the world. For instance, the Ranthambore National Park is now thriving with wildlife from its humble beginnings.

While these Mozambican projects provide locals with new economic means and incentivize them to preserve the Miombo woodlands, their impact goes deeper:

they also provide a new avenue of research.

Some scientists are convinced that Mycorrhizal fungi may play a crucial role in saving our planet from global warming and even increasing the nutritional value of the food we eat by improving our soil. Africa is filled with these fungi, and in addition to the Mozambican mushroom project, other projects could be established in the area to learn more about the nature of mycorrhizae, making the preservation of the Miombo woodlands even more important.

Nathan is a writer and aspiring software engineer with a passion for history, nature, sustainable living, and science.

Motivational

3D Printed Organs Save Woman’s Life and Accidentally Pave Way for Biology-Powered Artificial Intelligence

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Women showing a heart symbol with her hands in front of 3d printed organs

A Great Advancement for 3D Printed Organs

3D printing in hospitals is nothing new, but for the first time in history, a woman received a 3D printed windpipe that became a fully functional without the need for immunosuppressants.

Immunosuppressants are used during organ transplants to keep the body from attacking the organ that it see’s as foreign. This means that the organ the woman received was organic and personalized for her, as if she had it her entire life.

This mind-blowing news shows that we are now closer than ever to being able to create full-scale, functional, and complicated 3D printed organs like a heart or lung.

But what about creating a brain?

3D Printing and Organoid Intelligence

Organoid Intelligence, or OI, is an emerging field of study that is focused on creating bio-computers by merging AI with real brain cells called organoids. Organoids are miniature and simplified versions of organs grown in a lab dish. They mimic some of the functions of fully grown organs, like brains. The idea behind OI is that by increase the cells organoids contain, they may begin to function like fully grown brains, and can then be used alongside computers to enhance Artificial Intelligence.

It turns out that the world’s first 3D printed windpipe was so successful that we are now closer than ever to creating the world first organoid intelligent bio-computer.

Here’s why.

The World’s First 3D Printed Windpipe

Transplant patients usually have to take a long course of immunosuppressants that help the body accept the organ. The body see’s the organ as foreign, and so the immune system begins to attack the new organ, which can lead to more complicated health problems.

The woman in her 50’s who received the 3D printed windpipe did so without any immunosuppressants. In just 6 months after the operation, the windpipe healed and began to form blood vessels, and of course, more cells.

The current goal of scientists in the field of Organoid Intelligence is to increase organoids from 100,000 cells to 10 million, and this begs the question:

Can 3D printing help build bio-computers by creating better organoids?

Can 3D Printing Help Build Bio-Computers?

The worlds first 3D printed windpipe shows that advances in 3D printing can create better functioning organs, and this implies that we can also create more intricate organoids to help in the field of Organoid Intelligence and eventually create bio-computers.

Its important to understand the distinction between 3D printing an organ and printing something like a tool or musical instrument.

The difference between printing an organ and printing a non-biological structure depends on the ink being used in the 3D printer.

3D printing non-organic structures will require ink that can be made from plastic, plastic alternatives like PLA, metal, and ceramics. On the other hand, 3D printed organs are made from ink called “bio-inks” that are a mixture of living cells and biocompatible substances like the ones mentioned above.

In the case of the 3D printed windpipe, the ink used was partly formed from the stem and cartilage cells collected from the woman’s own nose and ear. It was because of this bio-ink that the woman’s body did not reject the organ.

The Problem With 3D Printed Organs

Organs created with bioprinting need to function like real organs for the body to safely use them, and this does not happen right away.

The 3D printed organs need to go beyond just a printed structure and become living. They need to form tissues and cells that help create biological functionality, and forming these cells take time.

The problem with 3D bioprinting is that the ink used for the printer needs to be effective at doing this, and if it is not, the organ may not stay functional.

The ink used for the 3D-printed windpipe was made from part bio-ink and part polycaprolactone (PCL), a synthetic polyester material.

PCL is a used in the 3D ink for the purposes of maintain the structure of the windpipe, while the bio-ink is used to help the 3D printed organ to become fully biological in time so that the body can use it.

The PCL maintains the structure while the bio-ink does it’s thing.

The problem with PCL is that it is biodegradable and won’t last forever. In fact, doctors don’t expect the 3D-printed windpipe to last more than five years.

The Solution is Better Bio-ink

The 3D printed windpipe was not just made using PCL, but it contained bio-ink made from living cells too. The hope is that the living cells in the 3D printed organ—which came from the bio-ink—will assist the patient’s body in creating a fully functional windpipe to replace the PCL’s function.

If the organ begins to form cells and tissue by itself, then the function of PCL will be replaced by the biological function of the organ that is growing.

The organ becomes real!

Bio-Ink helps the 3D printed organ mimic it’s natural environment of cells and eventually become a real organ.

3D Printing Organs Will Save Lives

Every year, thousands of people need a lifesaving organ transplant. These transplants cost hundreds of thousand of dollars, and many people who need them don’t make it passed the waiting list.

3D Printing organs could give people the incredible opportunity to receive the help they need when they need it, saving thousands of lives annually, and millions of lives in the long run.

As advances are made in 3D Bioprinting, they will also be made in areas of Organoid and Artificial Intelligence, which shows that the progress being made in one place will once again shine its way to another.

3d printed organ. A brain being created by 3d printers.

IC Inspiration:

If we can create better forms of bio-ink and produce fully functional organs using 3D printing, we will fundamentally change the entire health care system.

17 people die every single day waiting for an organ transplant, many of whom can’t afford the transplant in the first place.

The biggest hope in the world for everyone that is affected by this is that organs can be produced when they are needed, ending the transplant shortage and saving the incredible lives of millions of people in the future.

We have seen from this story that personalized organs made from a patients own cells can stop the bodies rejection of organs. This shows us that there will come a time when there will be no need for immunosuppressants therapy.

Even more amazing is that doctors use 3D printing to practice performing a surgery so that they can sharpen their skills before the surgery. This also helps them find better pathways for performing the surgery.

Think about it… If you can’t use a real organ to practice on, then 3D organs are the next best thing.

The production of organs, the irrelevancy of immunosuppressants, and more efficient surgery will eventually drive down the prices of transplants, and 3D printing organs in the future will not only save lives, but it will also increase the quality of those lives afterwards.

That is the sort of world we can create. It’s amazing to think of all the good that is being done right here, right now.

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Motivational

Father Son Bond Creates Buzz: The Flow Hive Success Story 

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flow hives

Flow Hive

Flow Hive is the most revolutionary invention in beekeeping in history.

The innovation allows beekeepers to tap into honey directly from the hive without the mess and expensive processing equipment inherent in traditional beekeeping.

However, the invention goes beyond simply streamlining the harvesting process. The idea of Flow Hive started when founder Cedar Anderson was just a boy. He wanted to save the bees from being crushed when harvesting honey, and he and his father eventually created a very successful business from it.

How Does Flow Hive Work?

Before Flow Hive, the extraction process of honey involved breaking the hive to get to the honeycomb cells, manually removing the beeswax to get to the honey, and then using an extractor to collect the honey.

By comparison, Flow Hive uses Flow Frames, which the honey bees fill with wax and form honey on. When honey is formed, a Flow Key is inserted and rotated, which allows honey to flow right out of the Flow Frame and into a cup or jar, similar to turning on a faucet.

No breaking, no mess, no expensive processing equipment, and for those who would like to save the bees, no disturbed bees.

A Father and Son Bond is an Incredible Thing

Flow Hive’s are like a mini house that even the most spirited bees would be happy to call their home. Founders Stuart Anderson and his son Cedar come from three generations of beekeepers. This culture formed a father-son bond, creating the most innovative invention in beekeeping history.

How Did Flow Hive Start?

Flow Hive started in the mind of Cedar when he was just a child who felt bad that so many bees were being crushed while harvesting honey.

Imagine, a young boy raised to admire the social creatures that have sustained his family’s livelihood for three generations, and some of those very creatures are being harmed in the process.

A child’s innocence is a remarkable thing, but who would have known that it would become such a lucrative business?

“The first idea was simply that there must be a better way, and I’d been thinking about that from a very young age.”

That idea—brought about by a feeling in a young boy’s heart—eventually created the prototype which broke crowdfunding records.

Within 10 minutes on Indiegogo, they had surpassed their goal of raising $70,000, and within 15 minutes, they had already raised $250,000.

The campaign raised a total of $14,959,087, making it one of the most successful crowdfunding campaigns in history.

golden honey in jars

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Did you know that bees are an endangered species?

While learning about Honey Flow, I was particularly interested in why people become beekeepers in the first place.

A prominent theme went along these lines: “I noticed that I would only see one bee whenever I was outside enjoying the beautiful summer day, and I wanted to change that.”

Upon hearing this three times from individuals who don’t know one another, I began to really understand the disposition that almost seems to be an intrinsic part of the beekeeping culture.

To some, the absence of bees means not getting stung. But to others, it is something much deeper: it is the absence of purpose.

Bees have a purpose, and beekeepers create an environment where the bees can carry out their life’s purpose, so their purpose behind beekeeping is worthy of an inspiring click!

But did you know that not all bees are endangered?

The truth is that honeybees are abundant, but native bees are endangered.

Human industrial activities have affected all bees, but honeybees have been able to flourish because so many people have taken to beekeeping. So, while human activity has caused bees to become endangered, human activity has also caused them to flourish in abundance.

But despite this, honeybees compete with wild bees for resources, and the difference in the numbers of the two species can further push native bees toward extinction.

We are capable, yes! But with awareness, we can truly make the difference that we want.

There are 20,000 species of bees, and only one that makes honey, but while there has been so much attention given to honeybees, we are among amazing people who dedicate their lives to solving the real issues.

If you would like to gain more knowledge about endangered native bees and even come to know how we can save the bees, then inspiration is just a click away!

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2024 Signals a Clean Energy Future Despite Hottest Year Ever

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2024 Signals a Clean Energy Future Despite Hottest Year Ever

Rising Heat Rising Hope

There is a lot of gloom and doom when people speak about the future of climate change, but a clean energy future is happening right now, and the journey that led up to is remarkable.

There are some really good reasons to be hopeful about the future of renewable energy and climate change, it just needs to be looked at from a clear and new perspective.

Let’s start with 2023.

2023 Was the Hottest Year on Record

In 2015, 194 nations came together and set a goal to limit the global rise in temperature to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. In 2023, global temperature rose to 1.45°C above pre-industrial levels. While it did not reach 1.5°C, 2023 was the hottest year on record for Earth.

2024 is the Tipping Point for Clean Energy

1.5°C is considered the tipping point for climate change. Some scientists regard this number as the point where global warming begins to have the strongest effect on the Earth. While this might seem like a catastrophe, the world is beginning to see a shift toward a clean energy future. 2023 was the hottest year on record, but it was also the year where renewable energy grew by 50%. This growth is expected to rise in 2024 and further into the future.

Rarely do good things happen without a little bit of adversity—even flowers bloom from soil and manure. A clean energy future is happening right now, and things could not have happened any better. Here’s why.

Why Did Global Warming Happen?

Global warming is the result of burning fossil fuels, and fuel was necessary for advancing the human race. The history of modern civilization is marked by industrial revolution. The first revolution transitioned the world from an agrarian economy to a manufacturing economy. This had a major impact in advancing medicine and sanitation, both of which largely determine life expectancy. It is because of the industrial revolutions that the average life expectancy has nearly doubled in the last century.

But the backbone of the industrial revolution is fuel. Without it, climate change wouldn’t be a problem and the need for renewable energy would not exist. However, life expectancy would be very low, and technology would not have progressed.

You probably would not even be here right now, but you are, and you should be hopeful!

Clean Energy Future

Even though 2023 was the hottest year on record, data shows that the market size of renewable energy is constantly increasing every year. This forecasts a clean energy future on the horizon, and it is marked by lower costs of energy as well as a better quality of life.

Source: Statista

Something that shoots up consistently year after year is often too good to be true. In fact, this is exactly what the Berny Madoff Ponzi scheme looked like.

Clean energy future looks so good on graph, that it is hard to believe it is real
Madoff’s Sentry Fairfield—The best-looking investment fund ever. $7 billion was invested, and nobody ever saw their money again.

The future of renewable energy looks like the Berny Madoffs Ponzi scheme on paper. It looks so good, that if I gave it to you as an investment fund, it would be completely bogus because it would be too good to be true.

If you ever see an investment graph that shoots up like this, run! But now that you’re seeing it as real progress, you should be happy! It shows that a clean energy future is closer than you think.

Clean Energy is Now Cheaper Than Fuel

While the use of renewable energy has increased, its cost has decreased at about the same rate.

In 2010, the cost of wind energy was 95% higher than fuel-power. Now, its price is more than 50% lower than the cheapest fuel-powered option.

In 2010, Solar energy was 710% more expensive than fuel-power. Now, it’s price is more than 29% lower than the cheapest fuel-fired solution.

How Much Money Can Clean Energy Save?

Renewable energy saved $56 billion in 2022 in the U.S. alone. This amounts to more than $1 trillion saved by 2050. Data shows that the learning rate for solar and wind technology has been remarkable. These Improvements can further increase the $56 billion figure. It is estimated that by the year 2050, nearly $11 Trillion worldwide will be saved by transitioning to renewable energy.

Why is the Price of Clean Energy Going Down?

The price of clean energy is going down because the learning rate of the renewable energy sector is increasing. People are learning how to create and manage infrastructures like solar panels and wind turbines in a more efficient way. This efficiency reduces the cost associated with renewable energy and makes the use of clean energy more widespread.

In other words, things are getting better because people are getting smarter.

What is the Future of Renewable Energy?

We are currently in the fourth industrial revolution—the revolution of the Internet and renewable energy. The future of renewable energy is that it will create the next industrial revolution in a shorter amount of time than the previous one. This is because the internet is increasing the rate of technological advancement. Technology is what leads to revolutions, and it is growing faster than any other time in history.

History is Predicting a Clean Energy Future

Revolutions mean progress, and each of the 4 industrial revolutions have used fuel as its backbone. The only thing that changed was the kind of fuel that was used, and each revolution used a cleaner source of fuel. Moreover, each industrial revolution happened faster than the previous. History is predicting a clean energy future.

  • Industrial Revolution 1765: Coal- Coal is the worst fuel and contains much more carbon than gas. Consider that CO2 emissions weigh more than the fuel that creates it, and it becomes clear to see why coal is the dirtiest fuel.
  • Industrial Revolution 1870: Gas- After coal mines came cars. Car's need gas, and although gas has been used as the primary source of energy, it is much cleaner than coal.
  • Industrial Revolution 1969: Nuclear- Nearly a century later, nuclear energy was created. Nuclear does not emit any CO2, and therefore, is much cleaner than the first two revolutions.
  • Industrial Revolution 2000: The Internet & Renewable Energy

It took 105 years to go from coal to gas, 99 years from gas to nuclear, and only 31 years from Nuclear to renewable. How long until the next revolution? If history is any indicator, then it will be less than three decades.

A clean energy future is closer than you think, and the progress that has been made is mind-blowing. Be hopeful!

what is the future of renewable energy? Clean energy future

IC INSPIRATION

A clean energy future is built on a not so clean past, but we have come a long way. Very rarely can humans get things right the first. Life, much like history, is a process.

Here's the fact: humans are not rational beings... We are rationalizing beings.

We make sense of things as they happen because we only understand what those things truly are after they have happened. We can't be rational enough to know the future, but we learn afterwards.

Fuel has gotten us so far, and the world of information often paints a gloomy picture without appreciating the progress. Here's a question:

Can we make sense of something before it happens?

Renewable energy came after fuel, but was it even possible to start with renewable energy?

If not, then could things have been any better?

Heroes are not born, they are made. Humans were born to make history, and even though there are downsides, this progress shows that a brighter and cleaner future may not be so far off.

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